What's a Raspberry PI?
Nutshell
A "Raspberry Pi" is a small form-factor embedded computer system designed for the educational market. Like Arduino, it has been picked up by hobbyists and artists as a low-cost computing platform.
What It's Not
A full powered desktop computer replacement.
Embedded systems by design are low-powered, efficient, & optimized for specific purposes. This means you can run a small project off of a battery for quite a while, but you're not going to be playing your favorite AAA first person shooter...
Pros vs Cons
Pros:
- small
- cheap
- GPIO (General Purpose IO) pins for physical computing
- you run plenty of open source applications
Cons:
- slower
- may or may not have full graphics acceleration (OpenGL / OpenGL ES)
- requires knowledge and familiarity with GNU/Linux and the commandline
- currently Java-based applications like Processing are exceedingly slow...
Resources
But wait, there's more!
The RPI is not the only embedded system out there ...
- BeagleBoard: one of the original embedded Linux platforms
- Udoo: faster with Dual & Quad cores as well as more RAM, has Arduino mega pinout, pricier
- etc ...